ISOlating Contact for the Rays' Pitchers
There are several generally accepted principals in the Saber-world. Among them:
-Most pitchers will regress to a .290 BABIP (Batting Average on Balls in Play) over the course of their careers
-Line Drive against rates will stabilize around 19-20% over long periods of time for pitchers
-HR/FB% (Percentage of fly balls allowed that result in home runs) will stabilize around 10% over long periods
Trapped in a world where we accept true outcomes (HRs, BBs, Ks: The FIP components) as the only things pitchers ultimately control, I wanted to attempt to take a look at which pitches get hit harder beyond comparing BABIPs. This is highly subjective and certainly not scientific in the least. Nonetheless, I think its makes for interesting conversation.
First a few assumptions:
-All these pitchers play in front of the same defense. To compare Rays pitchers to any other team will result in skewed data due to a different quality of defense and park factors.
-These are certainly not large enough sample sizes to say anything definitive.
We are going to be looking at three stats, all of which are at least partially defensive dependent.
1) BABIP- This is simply the batting average allowed on balls that are fielded. You remove the at-bats which result in home runs and strikeouts from batting average.
2) ISO- A measure typically used for offense to measure extra base-hit prowess. The formula is ISO= (2B+(2*3B)+(3*HR))/AB. If these seems a little familiar is because it is similar to Slugging Percentage except each hit type is weighted one less. Essentially, we have removed the singles. Therefore, ISO=SLG-BA. Now not all doubles and triples are created equally, but with the same defense I am willing to assume they are.
3) cISO- This is ISO except I am only considering at-bats where contact occurs. The only formulaic change from ISO is that the denominator now consists of AB-K. This answers the question what is the extra-base hit potential of batted balls against.
Now let's look at year/year numbers for the Rays who have been with the team for both 2008 and 2009, and will remain in 2010. Note: David Price and Jeff Niemann were not included due to extremely small sample sizes in 2008.
|
BABIP |
ISO |
cISO |
||||
|
2008 |
2009 |
2008 |
2009 |
2008 |
2009 |
|
|
Grant Balfour |
0.219 |
0.298 |
0.087 |
0.12 |
0.149 |
0.165 |
|
Matt Garza |
0.271 |
0.274 |
0.132 |
0.151 |
0.162 |
0.201 |
|
J.P. Howell |
0.251 |
0.26 |
0.097 |
0.129 |
0.136 |
0.194 |
|
James Shields |
0.29 |
0.311 |
0.155 |
0.177 |
0.193 |
0.218 |
|
Andy Sonnanstine |
0.304 |
0.326 |
0.169 |
0.214 |
0.202 |
0.249 |
|
Dan Wheeler |
0.19 |
0.199 |
0.175 |
0.228 |
0.225 |
0.292 |
Observations:
-Grant Balfour is a bad, bad man. His BABIP skyrocketed from .219 to .298, yet he still led the team in both ISO an cISO. Balf clearly lost his good luck vs. the base-hits in 2009. However, he still was the most successful in curbing opponents' extra base-hit potential, even when factoring only batted balls. While he did offer up a few very untimely home runs last season, those did not speak to the overall body of work. He should please those who have made the mistake of counting him out.
-Each returning pitcher fared worse in all 3 categories in 2009. Regression from 2008 was expected, but this was a perfect storm. Every pitcher on the 2009 list not from Australia would have qualified for the worst or second-to-worst cISO in 2008.
-There is a clear line of distinction between the Rays' high strikeout/high walk artists, and the commanding low-walk crew. The strikeout artists (Balfour, Howell, Garza) offer up a lower ISO even when you remove the strikeout advantage.
-Dan Wheeler continues to be the oddest of ducks. The other 5 pitchers' cISOs don't come within .050 of their BABIPs. Yet Wheelers cISO of .292 was almost .100 over his BABIP of .199. Dan Wheeler will serve one up or get you out.
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30 comments
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Comments
Thanks Freezo
I’m the most biased one here, but when I saw your caption under Balf’s pic about not giving up xbh, my immediate thought was “except the four-base variety”.
It’s great to see that even in a (comparatively) disappointing year, he still put up such good numbers. I guess the FO knew what they were doing with the pay rise after all….
A recap of the HRS:
8/30 vs Det. Niemann gave up a leadoff double with a 3-1 lead in the 8th. Balfour came in and retired the first two, before walking Granderson. Polanco took him deep and made it 4-3 Det.
WPA -.666
9/9/09 vs NYY. Balfour inherited two runners with a 2-1 lead in the 8th with one out. Jorge Posada went deep. 4-2 Yanks.
WPA -.423
8/12/09 vs LAA Balf enters in the 6th with runners on 1st and 2nd one out with a 4-2 lead. He retired Kendrick on a fly ball, before surrendering a 3 run shot to Gary Matthews Jr. 5-4 LAA.
WPA -.420
9/23/09 vs Tex Balf enteres to start the 8th down 5-3. Retires the first two batters before surrendering back-to-back walks. Kinsler 3 run homer 8-3 Texas.
WPA -.062
6/4/09 vs NYY Balf enters with a 5-3 lead to start the 8th. Texieira hits a leadoff homer to make it 5-4.
WPA -.145
5/25/09 vs CLE, the never forget game. Balf enters with a 10-5 lead in the 9th with two on and one out. Retires the 1st batter before surrendering a 3 run shot to Ryan Garko.. 10-8 Cle. You know what happened from there.
WPA -.009
5 of 6 being 3 run shots makes it a bit memorable.
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I'm willing to wager his runs/hr is much lower this year
This was statistical noise….
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Run Distribution on HRs for career prior to 09
1 Run – 9 times
2Runs- 4 times
3 Runs 3 times
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Great post, FreeZo
I like the odds of a return to these numbers as they are more in line with league avg. Face it, giving up 3 runs on 5 of 6 is just tough to do.
The vigilante broke out a stained window, snaked a garden hose in, turned the water on, & let it sit... all fucking night, niiiiice! Even i've never thought ov that one before! Hundreds ov gallons ov water flooded the chapel & basment, resulting in thousands ov dollars in damage - or improvement, depending upon how you look at it. And with weathering being the way it is here in the NorthWest, such exstensive water damage will [no doubt] result in some much-needed toxic black mold. That's what you've gotta do with these filthy goddamn christian cockroaches, you gotta flood 'em out!
this seems to follow the trend of everything that went right in 08 went wrong in 09
great look freezo, could you work out the 07s? would be interesting to see which was the lucky/unlucky year.
I'm a writer.
by Andy Hellicksonstine on Dec 24, 2009 10:24 AM EST via mobile reply actions
I'll be happy to but before I do, one major
The Rays were first and second in the league in 08-09 in defense according to UZR. In 2007, with a much different defense they were dead last, so it sort of become apples to oranges.
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by FreeZorilla on Dec 24, 2009 10:33 AM EST up reply actions
2007 (guessing this will look ugly)
………………..Player………..IP… BAbip… ISO… cISO
Grant Balfour… 22… 0.431… 0.157… 0.232
*J.P. Howell… 51… 0.379… 0.18… 0.232
James Shields… 215… 0.284… 0.164… 0.213
Andy Sonnanstine… 130.2… 0.328… 0.189… 0.232
Dan Wheeler… 25… 0.338… 0.159… 0.213
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by FreeZorilla on Dec 24, 2009 10:35 AM EST up reply actions
Balf and Wheeler have very small sample sizes
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by FreeZorilla on Dec 24, 2009 10:35 AM EST up reply actions
Defense does not play a role
Pitcher vs hitter
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by FreeZorilla on Dec 24, 2009 12:16 PM EST up reply actions
OT: I'd have to say one of my favorite non-Rays blogs would have to be ranyontheroyals.com.
I feel that mans pain with every post.
I think if we took the current makeup of DRB and placed it during the same time period of the Namoli years, it would be very similar.
I'm a Brett Favre honk so FUCK YOU!
by PriceMultiCyYoungs on Dec 24, 2009 12:04 PM EST reply actions
Christ, everything he writes is a mile long. Maybe if I were a Royals fan, I'd read it. But I'm not, so I won't.
I miss George Steinbrenner. He was the man responsible for keeping the Yankees competitive.
WELCOME TO WALMART
I miss George Steinbrenner. He was the man responsible for keeping the Yankees competitive.
*raises hand*
The vigilante broke out a stained window, snaked a garden hose in, turned the water on, & let it sit... all fucking night, niiiiice! Even i've never thought ov that one before! Hundreds ov gallons ov water flooded the chapel & basment, resulting in thousands ov dollars in damage - or improvement, depending upon how you look at it. And with weathering being the way it is here in the NorthWest, such exstensive water damage will [no doubt] result in some much-needed toxic black mold. That's what you've gotta do with these filthy goddamn christian cockroaches, you gotta flood 'em out!
To all my DRB playrrzz and especially the writers
Happy Holidays. You guys are the tits.
Mira Sorvino...Paul Walker...T-Pain...Fall 2010...HEADSTONE MAFIA, A LOVE STORY OF REVENGE. "5/5 stars!!!" - DRB User "Andy Hellicksonstine"
by PlayOnWords on Dec 24, 2009 12:34 PM EST via mobile reply actions
Balfour is still the best answer from the bullpen with men on base
but the Rays still need another right handed power arm. If it was up to me I’d put Hellickson in the rotation after ST with Davis in the bullpen. How would Wade react to inherited runners or being in the bullpen? Well you would have to find that out sooner or later. Balfour is a FA after 2010 so the Rays may need to fill that hole. If you’re worried about starting the arbitration clock on Hellickson so soon that can be offset somewhat by putting Davis in the bullpen unless he becomes closer material right away.
In a perfect world Howell, Cormier and Wheeler are best suited to come into games in to start a inning. Howell and Cormier are capable of going full innings with Choate facing the left handed batters in relief of Wheeler. Of course you can’t have that strategy all the time but with this plan it would limit the constant warming up of pitchers which in my opiinion wore out the Rays bullpen staff in August and September. The Soriano signing solved a lot issues but the Rays still need another right handed power arm in the bullpen so not to put all the weight on Grant’s shoulders with inherited runners.
Come back next week
I already put my table together looking at relievers splits w men on base and the bases empty. Balfour actually had the worst splits. K rate drops from 30 plus% to about 20% and opp slg rises about .100. As a long time supporter of a firefighting role for Balf, I was surprised.
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by FreeZorilla on Dec 24, 2009 1:42 PM EST via mobile up reply actions
No way I can support my claim but Balfour was warming up quite a bit in 2009
then in many cases the situation for him to come into the game just went away. The result is Grant sat down just to fight another day with probably a tired arm. Again Maddon talked about this earlier in the month not specifically Grant but the bullpen in general. Not to steal your thunder but Joe talked how well Cormier and Howell splits are (Wheelers sucked) which leads me to believe with Soriano in the fold you’ll see a lot of Lance and JP to start the 7th inning.
I’m going off topic here but to me having a long man is a waste as silly as having a 8 man bullpen. This team isn’t the 2007 Devil Rays where you need a long man to eat up innings as the Rays play too many close games in addition to being a good team. Blowout games don’t happen as often one would think and the starters can still get to that 6th inning which won’t wear out the bullpen arms. I want Cormier to play an important role for the 2010 Rays bullpen. Lance splits are good and knows AL East batters. But back to topic I’ll wait till next week to look at your splits and probably change some of my thoughts . Thanks for the great work all you do.
Yea Corm's splits were really good.
I used career #‘s so 2009 doesn’t apply. I’m not sure if you were around during the seaosn but you may find these interesting
Quantifying 2009 Bullpen Management
One More Crack at Dissecting Bullpen Usage
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In regards to Howell and Corms,
Maddon was referring to handedness splits. They are fairly split neutral. This will solely look at pitching w runners on base over their careers. Given Corm’s GB inducing ability he is not a bad firefighter option. This has always applied to JP as well.
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The long man wasn't a waste for this team last year.
Between Niemann, Sonny, and Price, he was used rather consistently all year long. Our starting rotation last year didn’t perform well, and Cormier played a huge part in keeping the team competitive for as long as they stayed there.
I miss George Steinbrenner. He was the man responsible for keeping the Yankees competitive.
Can anyone figuree out how many games we were leading at one point?
Seems like 90% of our games we either won or blew it. Now, I know this isn’t the case in that…..White Sox game but damn with a better pen,we could of been right back in the WS.
Well this year, we add Soriano and hopefully Escobar as well as a rested pen, unlike last year.
Fire and Ice: Rafael Soriano and J.P Howell.......with their side kick Grant the aussie Balfour!
Nice writeup
And I like the cISO bit…
Aaron King is still my homeboy... iffy mechanics and all
McFAQ for all you newcomers out there.
GET THAT VORP AND WHIP SH!T OUTTA HERE!!!
Whomever Sabean signs this off-season will make a good platoon partner with Ryan Gark-ohh... nevermind...
I'm all for pulling starters before the 4th time through the batting order
One only has to look at the Rays 2009 season in detail as you guys show to know what a failure Maddon and Hickey were handling the pitching staff. Howell’s Balfour’s and Wheeler’s FIP’s clearly indicate Maddon’s bullpen matchups doomed the 2009 season. I believe you can limit those high leverage situations but Maddon has to learn to take the ball from the pitcher after the 6th inning in close games and trust his bullpen. As Tommy pointed out too many times in 2009 a starter came into the top of a innings only to be pulled after letting up a leadoff baserunner. If I were Maddon I would trust Cormier or Howell to start that 6th or 7th inning. I know this takes Howell out of many high leverage situations but JP can prevent them before they can occur as he did many times in especially early 2008. You still would have Balfour and Wheeler available in the 8th with a Loogy Choate to face lefthanders mostly as a option to Wheeler. We trust that Soriano can close 85% of the time a acceptable number in my opinion.
Maddon is no dummy. But what hurt Joe and the bullpen is the mess that started before the season even began. You still had Percival as the closer and going down to a injury (at least paid as if he was one). You had Joe Nelson pitching too many high leverage innings and finally released . You had Sonnanstine as a disaster in the rotation forcing too many bullpen innings to be used. Later you had the insane two Loggy’s solution with Maddon’s mad matcups not to mention Chad Bradford’s dreadful use. All this is too horrible to think about but now that the Rays have a closer and JP is a better position to win games by holding them. This all shoud translate in a dozen or so more wins in 2010. Let the Rays pitchers with the best FIP’s be used to better use in 2010.

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