Should Opponents "Danks Theory" Jeremy Hellickson?
For whatever reason, Jeremy Hellickson has been the most interesting pitcher to me in the Rays organization for the past two or so years. I was thrilled when he was given a shot last year with the big league club, and even more ecstatic when he came out and quickly proved his composure, control, and change-up were worthwhile of staying in 'The Show'. Much to my dismay, I've had to miss his first two starts of the 2011 season: the Angels start due to work, and I chose to see Durham play instead of his Red Sox start since the Bulls were in town. Feeling a little deprived after watching three Price starts and a few Niemann gems, I decided to take a further examination into Hellboy's first couple of outings. While the two lines look pretty similar in the base metrics, there are quite a few interesting differences.
|
DATE |
OPPONENT |
RESULT |
IP |
H |
R |
ER |
HR |
Pit |
|
11-Apr |
@ BOS |
Win |
5.1 |
5 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
98 |
|
6-Apr |
vs LAA |
Loss |
5.2 |
6 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
99 |
Looking beyond hits and runs, it is a stark contrast to see his 5/1 K/BB ratio invert to a 1/5 ratio. Even his GB/FB ratios took reasonably sized flips:
|
DATE |
OPPONENT |
BB |
SO |
GB |
FB |
|
11-Apr |
@ BOS |
5 |
1 |
12 |
8 |
|
6-Apr |
vs LAA |
2 |
10 |
3 |
10 |
Glancing through box scores is always fun, but the real interesting stuff comes from a dive into Pitch F/X. Some pretty charts to follow, but first here is a collection of my thoughts after going through Brooks Baseball, TexasLeaguers and Fangraphs:
Hellickson's pitch speeds decreased steadily throughout the game, with his fastest pitch in both games coming in the 1st inning (I understand this is the beginning of the season, but Price's fastest pitch was around #85 Tuesday night with an upward trend, Davis has held pretty constant too... Shields and Niemann not as much).
In the LAA game he had 20 swinging strikes!!! and only 5 against Bos. 10 of the SS in game 1 came on his 26 curves, yet he only threw 8 curves in total against the Sox.
I saw some tweets on this topic, but boy, does it seem like the ump was stingy in the Red Sox game. I counted 18 pitches inside the zone that were called balls.
Pitch FX doesn't seem to know what to call Helly's fastball, as it teeters between 4-seamers and 2-seamer in each game. The spin and speed clusters aren't distinct as they are with some pitchers, so I'm leaning towards thinking they are mostly 4-seamers.
Now let's take a look at his pitch selection and what the results have been, focusing on swinging strikes.
|
Type |
Count |
Selection |
Strike |
Swing |
Whiff |
Foul |
In Play |
|
CH |
66 |
33.5% |
56.1% |
50.0% |
21.2% |
12.1% |
16.7% |
|
FF |
53 |
26.9% |
62.3% |
26.4% |
3.8% |
5.7% |
17.0% |
|
FT |
39 |
19.8% |
53.8% |
35.9% |
0.0% |
10.3% |
25.6% |
|
CU |
34 |
17.3% |
67.6% |
50.0% |
29.4% |
11.8% |
8.8% |
|
FC |
5 |
2.5% |
20.0% |
0.0% |
0.0% |
0.0% |
0.0% |
Not that this is news to anyone, but Hellickson's offspeed pitches have an amazing ability to generate whiffs. What I didn't realize was the mediocre results of his fastball (note - pay no attention to the 5 cutters, 4 should be FF, and 1 a curve.. and as mentioned before, I don't see a lot of difference in the FF & FT as well, hopefully they get re-characterized). In the Angels game where he threw 26 curves, not only did he get 10 SS, 5 were called strikes, 3 fouls, 2 were hit into outs and only 6 were balls! My quick guess as to why the usage difference in the two games would be the Angels put out a more RH heavy lineup compared to the LH that he Sox threw out. So it would seem that if a team tries to Danks Theory Hellickson, they will just get a massive dose of the curve.
The last note I wanted to bring up is in regards to his control. For those that aren't aware, Fangraphs now has a Pitch FX tool on the player pages, and have "heat maps" to display the frequency of a location that a pitcher hit (including by pitch type and handedness if you want). Take a look at how well Hellickson locates his change-up on the lower outer corner to hitters. Then a comparison to Shields (whose graph looks the same whether LH or RH).
Unfortunately, it looks like I'm going to miss Hellickson's next two starts as well since I'll be on a cruise with the family next week (#humblebrag I suppose). Hopefully we can get the result of the Boston game with the peripherals more like the Anaheim game.
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I wouldn't put much stock in the pitch labeling on what he's done so far in 2011, here's a scatter of all of his pitches

You can clearly see that it’s not that he threw a bunch of two-seamers, it’s more a flaw in the recording equipment in Boston, or perhaps it’s on the Tampa cameras. Everything is shifted to the left, though I think you can take away that he thew a ton of change ups and not many curve balls. I’m curious to see how the next start looks to see as more data = better.
I’d probably just lump all his fastballs together at this point and you’ll see that he’s throwing the fastball only slightly more than his changeup. They look so similar out of his hand that it’s awesome to see near equal usage.
@SandyKazmir Die or Ride, You Decide
Agreed.
lf you look at 2010 the cluster of what they call FF and FT is just one with the same horizontal dispersion as his changeup, but the pitches with a little less tail and velocity get labeled FT. My guess is they are all the same.
And yeah, the release, rotation and movement similarities between the change and fastball are amazing.
Another DRB guy on Twitter, @jeffjohn1979
He's a real joy to watch as he holds out a piece of cheese to the batters and then snatches it away at the last second. As long as he continues to mix it up he'll be able to fool guys, but being able to throw a plus curve and a plus change depending on
the batter handedness is pretty awesome. I also put together his velocity charts. This includes all fastballs as I don’t trust the algorithm to tease out what’s what at this point. Again, it could be an issue with the calibration of the cameras, but he was a bit faster in his second start:

If he can sit north of 91 for the most part and not lose his command then he’s going to be really disgusting. Obviously, would love to see him tick it up even one more, but not at the expense of his command.
@SandyKazmir Die or Ride, You Decide
by Sandy Kazmir on Apr 14, 2011 9:51 AM EDT up reply actions
To Play Manager:
If I were an opposing manager I would load my lineup with lefties until Hellickson proves he can handle them.
Small Sample Size Alert
In two starts this year Hellickson has faced 27 RHB and 24 LHB. The results are .150/.292/.200 vs RHB and .333/.407/.708 vs LHB.
In his career Hellickson has faced 108 LHB and 92 RHB. The results are .153/.217/.200 vs RHB and .309/.370/.588 vs LHB.
Now, as far as what type of pitches Hellickson throws, it seems left handers seem to enjoy hitting whatever comes out of his hand and hitting it hard. Will be interested to see how long it takes Hellickson to adjust to lefites….again excuse the small sample sizse.
The curve is acting as a platoon pitch.
This was less pronounced last year, but still present. In the two games so far this year, the difference has been huge. Against right and left handed batters, Hellickson uses the changeup often, generating similar swing and miss numbers by each. He uses the curve to great affect against righties, but much less often, and less effectively against lefties.
Joe Lefkowitz on Hellickson’s curve this year:
RHP – 25 times, 83.3% whiffs
LHP – 9 times, 0 whiffs
I know this is a very small sample size, and that it surely won’t continue to be this drastic, but the great horizontal movement Hellickson gets on his curve (all the way up to 15’) seems to me like it makes it a good deal more of a righty killer than the neutral pitch curves sometimes are.
On the other hand, I see no reason why that crazy movement shouldn’t allow him to rack up the strikeouts looking with backdoor curves if he can get an umpire willing to give him that call.
That's all interesting
but I’d still load the lineup with as many lefties as possible until Hellickson gets them out.
by MrNegative1 on Apr 15, 2011 12:22 AM EDT up reply actions
I think we're haveing a misunderstanding of handedness.
And it’s not helped by my typing RHP when I mean RHB.
I agree wholeheartedly with you that opposing managers should load the lineup with lefties (opposite handed pitchers) against Hellickson, who is a righty. And the reason is that, so far, right handed batters are neutralizing his excellent curve, even though his changeup is still effective.

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